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Papaverine
Each capsule contains: Also contains: starch,
sucrose, talc, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Red 040, gelatin
and other ingredients.
The main actions of papaverine are exerted on cardiac and smooth muscle. Like qathidine, papaverine acts directly on the heart muscle to depress conduction and prolong the refractory period. Papaverine relaxes various smooth muscles. This relaxation may be prominent if spasm exists. The muscle cell is not paralyzed by papaverine and still responds to drugs and other stimuli causing contraction. The antispasmodic effect is a direct one, and unrelated to muscle innervation. Papaverine is practically devoid of effects on the central nervous system. Papaverine relaxes the smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, especially coronary, systemic peripheral, and pulmonary arteries. Perhaps by its direct vasodilating action on cerebral blood vessels, papaverine increases cerebral blood flow and decreases cerebral vascular resistance in normal subjects; oxygen consumption is unaltered. These effects may explain the benefit reported from the drug in cerebral vascular encephalopathy. The direct actions of papaverine on the heart
to depress conduction and irritability
and to prolong the refractory
period of the myocardium
provide the basis for
its clinical trial
in abrogating atrial
and ventricular premature systoles and ominous ventricular
arrhythmias. The coronary
vasodilator action could be an additional factor
of therapeutic value
when such rhythms are secondary
to insufficiency
or occlusion of the
coronary arteries.
In patients with acute
coronary thrombosis,
the occurrence of ventricular rhythms is serious and requires measures
designed to decrease myocardial irritability. Papaverine may have
advantages over quinidine, used for similar purpose, in that it
may be given in an emergency
by the intravenous
route, does not depress myocardial
contraction or cause
cinchonism, and produces coronary vasodilation.
For the relief of cerebral and peripheral ischemia associated with arterial spasm and myocardial ischemia complicated by arrhythmias.
One capsule every 12 hours. In difficult cases administration may be increased to one capsule every 8 hours, or two capsules every 12 hours. HOW SUPPLIED CAUTION: Federal law prohibits
dispensing without prescription.
Although occurring rarely, the reported side
effects of papaverine include nausea, abdominal
distress, anorexia,
constipation, malaise,
drowsiness, vertigo, sweating, headache,
diarrhea, and skin
rash.
No information provided.
Use with caution in patients with glaucoma. Hepatic hypersensitivity
has been reported with gastrointestinal
symptoms, jaundice,
eosinophilia, and altered liver
function tests. Discontinue
medication if these
occur.
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